[Paper] Modern analog computing for solving differential and matrix equations

Source: arXiv - 2606.13179v1

Overview

In recent years, driven by the computational demands of data-intensive applications such as artificial intelligence and scientific computing, analog computing has gained renewed interest. Given the diversity of computational tasks and recent advancements in analog CMOS circuits and resistive memory technologies, we refer to the evolving landscape as modern analog computing. In this context, we identify three core computational primitives: solving differential equations, solving matrix equations, and performing matrix-vector multiplications, and we explore the connections among them. We also examine various hardware implementations of these analog computing operators, including those built with discrete components, integrated circuits, and resistive memory devices. Among these, resistive memory arrays emerge as particularly promising due to their implementation efficiency. The paper then surveys recent progress in leveraging modern analog computing to solve differential and matrix equations using both advanced analog CMOS circuits and resistive memory arrays. Finally, we discuss the applications of these circuits, the precision and scalability issues and their potential solutions, the relationship with in-memory computing, and the unique computational complexity of analog computing. This paper provides a unified perspective on analog computing, highlighting its strengths, current developments, and challenges, and positioning it as a pivotal enabler of next-generation computational frontiers.

Key Contributions

This paper presents research in the following areas:

• cs.ET
• cs.AI
• cs.AR
• cs.NE

Methodology

Please refer to the full paper for detailed methodology.

Practical Implications

This research contributes to the advancement of cs.ET.

Authors

• Zhong Sun
• Piergiulio Mannocci
• Manuel Le Gallo
• Abu Sebastian

Paper Information

• arXiv ID: 2606.13179v1
• Categories: cs.ET, cs.AI, cs.AR, cs.NE
• Published: June 11, 2026
• PDF: Download PDF