Operators

Source: Dev.to

What are Operators in Java?

Operators are symbols used to perform operations on variables and values.

Types of Operators in Java

• Arithmetic Operators
• Assignment Operators
• Relational Operators
• Logical Operators
• Unary Operators
• Bitwise Operators

Arithmetic Operators

Arithmetic operators are used to perform arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and modulo on variables and data.

• + Addition
• - Subtraction
• * Multiplication
• / Division
• % Modulo (remainder)

public class OperatorDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int a = 10;
        int b = 3;

        System.out.println("a + b = " + (a + b));
        System.out.println("a - b = " + (a - b));
        System.out.println("a * b = " + (a * b));
        System.out.println("a / b = " + (a / b));
        System.out.println("a % b = " + (a % b));
    }
}

Assignment Operators

Assignment operators are used to assign values to variables.

public class AssignmentDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int a = 5;
        int b = 13;
        int var;

        // assign value using =
        var = b;
        System.out.println("var using =: " + var);

        // assign value using +=
        var = b;
        var += a;  // var = var + a;
        System.out.println("var using +=: " + var);

        // assign value using -=
        var = b;
        var -= a; // var = var - a;
        System.out.println("var using -=: " + var);

        // assign value using *=
        var = b;
        var *= a; // var = var * a;
        System.out.println("var using *=: " + var);

        // assign value using /=
        var = b;
        var /= a; // var = var / a;
        System.out.println("var using /=: " + var);

        // assign value using %=
        var = b;
        var %= a; // var = var % a;
        System.out.println("var using %=: " + var);
    }
}

Relational Operators

Relational operators compare two values and return a boolean result.

• == equal to
• != not equal to
• > greater than
• = greater than or equal to

public class RelationalDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int a = 10;
        int b = 20;

        System.out.print("a > b? ");
        System.out.println(a > b);    // false

        System.out.print("a = b? ");
        System.out.println(a >= b);   // false

        System.out.print("a <= b? ");
        System.out.println(a <= b);   // true
    }
}

Unary Operators

Unary operators work on a single operand.

• Prefix increment ++a: increments then returns the new value.
• Postfix increment a++: returns the original value then increments.
• Prefix decrement --a: decrements then returns the new value.
• Postfix decrement a--: returns the original value then decrements.

public class UnaryDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int a;

        // post increment
        a = 10;
        System.out.println(a++); // prints 10
        System.out.println(a);   // prints 11

        // post decrement
        a = 10;
        System.out.println(a--); // prints 10
        System.out.println(a);   // prints 9

        // pre increment
        a = 10;
        System.out.println(++a); // prints 11

        // pre decrement
        a = 10;
        System.out.println(--a); // prints 9
    }
}