Getting Started with Python

Source: Dev.to

Today I started learning Python, and I explored some fundamental concepts that helped me understand how Python actually works behind the scenes.

What is Python?

Python is a high‑level, interpreted programming language.
Being high‑level means it is easy to read and write, as it is closer to human language and abstracts away hardware complexity. This makes it very different from low‑level languages like assembly or machine language, which directly interact with hardware.

How Python Executes Code

Compilation to Bytecode

When you run a Python script, the source code is first compiled into bytecode. This intermediate representation is a low‑level, platform‑independent set of instructions.

Execution by the Python Virtual Machine (PVM)

The generated bytecode is then executed by the Python Virtual Machine (PVM). The PVM interprets the bytecode, performing the actual operations of your program. This two‑step process gives Python its flexibility and makes debugging easier.

The __pycache__ Directory

While running Python programs, you might notice a folder named __pycache__. It stores compiled bytecode files (*.pyc). These files allow Python to start programs faster on subsequent runs because the bytecode does not need to be regenerated. The creation and management of __pycache__ are automatic and typically hidden from developers.

Key Takeaways

• Python is easy to read and beginner‑friendly.
• It is interpreted but internally uses bytecode.
• Execution happens through the Python Virtual Machine (PVM).
• The __pycache__ directory improves performance by storing compiled code.

Understanding what happens behind the scenes makes learning Python much more interesting. This is just the beginning of my journey, and I’m excited to explore more.